Pigtailed, distributed feedback dfb singlefrequency. Lasers model for a bipolar semiconductor laser principle of random distributed feedback. Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers spie optical engineering press, the institution of electrical engineers plumb, dick, carroll, john e. These semiconductor diodebased devices are now essential. Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers by john carroll. Due to these lengths the total laser cavity length l is see fig. Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers semantic scholar. Distributed feedback laser diodes and optical tunable filters. The singlemode semiconductor lasers with 20thorder gratings. Semiconductor distributed feedback lasers with quantum. It provides a thorough analysis of the operation and design of dfb semiconductor lasers, a highlevel tutorial discussion, and a full account. Distributedfeedback semiconductor lasers springerlink. These wavelengths are usually fixed once the device has been fabricated.
Selfinjected semiconductor distributed feedback lasers for. Osa singlemode semiconductor lasers fabricated by standard. Phaseslip induced distributed feedback resonator modes with. This chapter starts with a more physical derivation of the coupledmode equations and moves on to new features such as the eigenmodes for the analytic solutions, the influence of grating parameters on the dispersion diagram and the stopband of nonpropagating frequencies. The structure builds a onedimensional interference grating bragg scattering and the grating provides optical feedback for the. Plumb, distributed feedback semiconductor lasers, the institution of electrical engineers, london, 1998. Most distributedfeedback lasers are either fiber lasers or semiconductor lasers, operating on a single resonator mode singlefrequency operation. Seeds2, huiyun liu2, siyuan yu1,3 1state key laboratory of optoelectronic materials and technologies, sun yatsen university, guangzhou 510275. Experimental demonstration of a multi wavelength distributed.
In the case of a fiber laser, the distributed reflection occurs in a fiber bragg grating, typically with a length of a few millimeters or centimeters. Handbook of nitride semiconductors and devices, ganbased optical and electronic devices handbook of nitride semiconductors and devices vch volume 3. Types of cavities external cavities can be tunable cleaved surfaces with distributed feedback dfb distributed bragg reflectors goals. Carrolls 99 research works with 1,158 citations and 581 reads, including. Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers plumb, dick, carroll, john e. We report the fabrication of opticallypumped solidstate distributed feedback lasers utilizing two bluelightemitting semiconducting polyfluorenes as gain media. A distributed bragg reflector laser dbr is a type of single frequency laser diode.
Rp photonics encyclopedia distributed feedback lasers, dfb. Evans david sarnoff research center princeton, new jersey prepared for langley research center under contract nas 117351 national aeronautics and space administration scientific and technical information division 1988. In the dfb laser the amplification region is periodically structured, thus, providing through onedimensional bragg grating scattering of light propagating back into the cavity and an optical feedback for the laser. Timedelay signature suppression in a chaotic semiconductor laser by fiber random grating induced distributed feedback. Start reading handbook of distributed feedback laser diodes, second edi. The singlemode semiconductor lasers with 20thorder. Blue, surfaceemitting, distributed feedback polyfluorene. Lasing modes in organic solid state distributed feedback lasers. Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers ieee xplore. The laser chip is grown by movpe of compound semiconductor material. Theory and experiment rongqing hui, sergio benedetto, and ivo montrosset abstractan analytical description of nearly degenerate fourwave mixing in a singlemode semiconductor laser operat. Distributed feedback dfb diode lasers are fixed wavelength single mode diode lasers. Organic semiconductor lasers with twodimensional distributed feedback.
Semiconductor optoelectronics farhan rana, cornell university chapter distributed feedback dfb structures and semiconductor dfb lasers. Single mode operation manufacturable stable low parasitic losses ideally, tunable. The rp photonics buyers guide contains 34 suppliers for distributed feedback lasers. Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers by john carroll, 9780852969175, available at book depository with free delivery worldwide. Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers john carroll, james whiteway and dick plumb. Handbook of distributed feedback laser diodes download. All the lasers in the laser array have an identical grating period with an equivalent chirped grating structure, which are realized by nonuniform sampling of the gratings. Such lasers are referred to as singlefrequency or singlelongitudinalmode lasers and in view of their potential application in optical communication systems were studied extensively.
Modelling the spectra of distributed feedback lasers. Rp photonics encyclopedia distributed feedback lasers. Simulation challenges for distributed feedback semiconductor lasers. Improved resonance and chirp mechanisms for multigigabits pushpull modulated dfb lasers. Achieving singlemode laser operation in nanowire lasers remains a challenge due to a lack of mode selection approaches. The output characteristics, modal properties, farfield profiles, and dynamic modulation responses of semiconductor lasers with surface higherorder gratings fabricated by the standard photolithography are presented. The parameters ll, lk, lg, m and n are very important in determining the single mode selectivity hence, they must be carefully chosen when the device is manufacturing. Other practical types of single frequency laser diodes include dfb lasers and external cavity diode lasers. Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers john carroll, james. Lasers emit coherent light at wavelengths that are well defined. The modifications were to increase the mode selectivity, field flatness and to decrease the spatial holeburning shb effect. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying optimal communications and for industrial designers of optoelectronic devices. Distributed feedback laser diodes and optical wavelength tunable filters deals with the advances in optical fibre based communication systems that have played a crucial role in the development of the information highway. Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers john carroll.
It is therefore desirable to devise means for a semiconductor laser to emit light predominantly in a single longitudinal mode even under highspeed modulation. Principles of distributed feedback semiconductor laser. Yvo 4 microchip laser was used as the pump source for the two polymers studied, and. Pdf highpower and highefficiency distributed feedback dfb. As an indirectbandgap semiconductor, silicon is very inefficient in light emission 4,5. Distributed feedback dfb semiconductor lasers emit light in a single mode which is essential to providing the carrier in long haul high bitrate optical communication systems. Since the optical feedback strongly influences the creation of light, this feedback engineering should be a powerful tool to precisely achieve the desired laser properties, e. A distributed feedback fiber laser made of highly eryb codoped phosphate glass fiber has been demonstrated experimentally. In 1994, a new type of semiconductor laser that did not have a builtin pn junction was demonstrated 3. Basic principles of lasers with distributed feedback. Phaseslip induced distributed feedback resonator modes. Principles of distributed feedback semiconductor laser diodes. Singlemode semiconductor lasers with 20th and 37thorder gratings for the 1. The structure builds a onedimensional interference grating bragg scattering and the grating provides optical feedback for the laser.
By offering a single mode oscillation and narrow spectral output, distributed feedback dfb semiconductor laser diodes offer. Simulation challenges for distributed feedback semiconductor. Jan 15, 2016 lasers emit coherent light at wavelengths that are well defined. Get your kindle here, or download a free kindle reading app. Distributed feedbacks for timedelay signature suppression. Digital filter approach for simulation of a complex integrated laser. Periodic structures, like the dbr mirrors in vcsels, can be also realized in a waveguide, as shown. Random distributed feedback fibre lasers sciencedirect. Even though the analysis in that paper is general, most of the attention is devoted to the discussion of fwm in twas. By offering a single mode oscillation and narrow spectral output, distributed feedback dfb semiconductor laser diodes offer excellent optical light sources as well as. Laser diodes for optical fiber telecommunication systems. All the lasers in the laser array have an identical grating period with an equivalent chirped grating structure, which are. Sampled grating distributed feedback sg dfb semiconductor. The institution of electrical engineers, l998,412pp.
Modeling of distributed feedback semiconductor lasers. The theory of fwm in semiconductor laser devices has already been developed 5. This thesis develops a belowthreshold model for the spectra of dfb lasers. Distributed feedback laser diodes and optical tunable. This project will investigate entirely novel designs of the feedback mirror structures in longitudinal and verticalcavity semiconductor lasers. The theory of dfb lasers is well understood with many excellent texts devoted to the subject 1. A fourth type, the cleavedcoupledcavity laser has not proven to be commercially. Distributed feedback dfb semiconductor lasers are the workhorses of optical communications providing single wavelength and narrow linewidth optical sources for demanding dense wavelength division multiplexing applications. We have implemented singlemode lasing using distributed feedback by externally coupling gallium nitride nanowires to a dielectric grating to achieve modecontrol. Efficient pump absorption allows for multimode pumping into the cladding of the active fiber. Thorlabs distributed feedback dfb lasers are narrowlinewidth, singlefrequency laser diodes that use a corrugated waveguide throughout the active region of the laser cavity see sfl guide tab. Termsvector search result for semiconductor lasers. Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers john carroll, james whiteway and dick plumb polina bayvel 1 optical and quantum electronics volume 31, pages 291 292 1999 cite this article.
While the majority of photonic functions can now be realized on silicon 3, one key missing component is an efficient silicon based laser. Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers plumb, dick. Handbook of distributed feedback laser diodes artech. Distributed feedback gallium nitride nanowire lasers. Gain modulation by graphene plasmons in aperiodic lattice. Organic semiconductor lasers with twodimensional distributed. A dfb lasers periodic structure acts as a distributed reflector, providing optical. Timedelay signature suppression in a chaotic semiconductor. The 35 mm long fiber laser device emits with 50 db side mode suppression ratio. The distributed feedback laser diode dfb ld was initially proposed in 1972, thereafter modified due to its super properties as a good light source. In order to explore the technological potential of organic semiconductor lasers two alternative concepts for electrical operation were examined. The bragg grating causes a wavelength dependent distributed feedback of light.
Carroll s 99 research works with 1,158 citations and 581 reads, including. The lasers were readily fabricated by solution deposition of thin polymer films on top of gratings etched into fused silica substrates. This longitudinal diffraction grating has periodic. Distributed feedback dfb semiconductor lasers have a periodic modulation of refractive index, or bragg grating, in the active region of the device. Selfinjected semiconductor distributed feedback lasers for frequency chirp stabilization khalil kechaou,1, frederic grillot,1,2 jeanguy provost,3 bruno thedrez,1 and didier erasme1 1institut minestelecom, telecom paristech, cnrs ltci, 46 rue barrault, 75634 paris cedex, france.
Distributed feedback semiconductor lasers iet digital library. A fourth type, the cleavedcoupledcavity laser has not proven to be commercially viable. A distributed feedback laser dfb is a type of laser diode, quantum cascade laser or optical fiber laser where the active region of the device contains a periodically structured element or diffraction grating. The laser threshold is 25 ma, and has a maximum laser output of 5. Distributed feedback dfb semiconductor lasers are the workhorses of optical. Semiconductor lasers optical processes in semiconductors absorption, gain, and pumping. This is specially important in situations where direct modulation dm of the. The effective periodicity of the grating experienced by the nanowire was altered using nanomanipulation to. Gain modulation by graphene plasmons in aperiodic lattice lasers. Selfinjected semiconductor distributed feedback lasers.
The need for greater bandwidth has driven laser manufacturers towards the use of distributed feedback semiconductor dfb lasers with a welldefined single mode. Pdf incorporating monolithic distributed feedback dfb gratings into. These lasers, called quantum cascade lasers qcls operate on intersubband transitions and utilize electron tunneling to achieve population inversion in the conduction band of the semiconductor material. Fabrication of gaaiasgaas single quantum well gaincoupled distributed feedback lasers aip conf. Rpmc lasers offers a wide selection of distributed feedback lasers dfb. Typical geometrical sizes of the laser chip are m x 500m x 200m length x width x height. Distributed feedbacks for timedelay signature suppression of. Yanping xu,1 mingjiang zhang,1,2 liang zhang,1 ping lu,3 stephen mihailov,3 and xiaoyi bao1. Osa distributed feedback fiber laser pumped by multimode. Yanping xu,1 mingjiang zhang,1,2 liang zhang,1 ping lu,3 stephen mihailov,3 and xiaoyi bao1, 1department of physics, university of ottawa, 25 templeton street, ottawa, ontario k1n 6n5, canada.